Emile Counil studies social inequalities in health; specifically, the role of occupational and environmental determinants in the construction of those inequalities. While some determinants are relatively well known and are included in public policy design—such as use of the national health care system and following recommendations with regard to smoking—others are much less visible. Health in the workplace and environmental health are intertwined research issues: plastic, for example, not only affects the health of the workers who handle and transform it but also of consumers who use it. The fact is that a categorical approach has often been used, thereby generating fragmented, partial knowledge. These are multifaceted phenomena. “Occupational risk” can refer to noise pollution as well as psychosocial risks. Despite dense scientific production, it is difficult to put together a global image.

Emmanuelle Cambois is a senior researcher at the French demographic institute INED. She is a member of the research unit on "Mortality, health, and epidemiology" and of the research unit on "Economic demography". Emmanuelle is also involved in the "Old Age and Ageing" research group.  Since January 2018, she is the director of the Institute of Longevity, Elderhood and Ageing (ILVV).