Principal Incentives and Student Success: Evaluating Pay-for-Performance Policies

School principals play a pivotal role managing teachers and students. Yet, unlike managers in the private sector, principal salary is typically tied to education and experience rather than measures of school performance. This paper studies the effects of a principal incentive pay that was introduced in North Carolina public schools in 2017 on principal effort, teacher effectiveness (measured by value-added) and student test scores. First, we use latent factor analysis applied to principal self-report data on hours worked as well as teacher reports about school leadership.

Young Adult Family Formation and Residential Mobility: Consequences for US Cities

Today’s young adults are more educated and remain unmarried and childless longer than their counterparts even 20 years ago. College-educated young adults also have become increasingly dispersed, having settled disproportionately in mid-sized cities in the US West and Southeast such as Denver and Atlanta at the expense of large cities like New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago that were until recently the destinations for recent college graduates.