<p>Ph.D., University of Washington</p> <p>Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz's research focuses on social and structural inequalities in neighborhood context and the consequences of such inequality for individual behavior and health over the life course and across generations. Her recent work utilized the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to investigate the effects of prolonged and timing-specific exposure to neighborhood disadvantage throughout childhood and adolescence on self-rated health status, obesity incidence, and smoking behavior in early adulthood, as well as racial disparities therein. She is currently conducting research with colleagues at the University of Washington examining the long-term effects of neighborhood air pollution on older adult mortality, functional limitations, and chronic disease diagnoses, as well as the extent to which individual-, household-, and neighborhood-level stressors heighten vulnerability to the deleterious impacts of such exposures. In addition, she is collaborating on a longitudinal project exploring how the neighborhood environment moderates race and gender disparities in substance use, other mental health-related outcomes, and mortality among former prisoners released on parole.</p>